---
id: recital-105
lang: en
type: recital
number: "105"
amended_by: null
capture: regulation-2024-1689/en-2026-08-18.html
capture_sha256: 8f0b656302f9864cc87e040c371f209a9d65ae1a6cecc25ca5eb737e872d721a
eli: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/oj
authoritative: false
---

> Derived text, not the authentic source. Claims cite the capture and the Official Journal.

# Recital 105

General-purpose AI models, in particular large generative AI models, capable of generating text, images, and other content, present unique innovation opportunities but also challenges to artists, authors, and other creators and the way their creative content is created, distributed, used and consumed. The development and training of such models require access to vast amounts of text, images, videos and other data. Text and data mining techniques may be used extensively in this context for the retrieval and analysis of such content, which may be protected by copyright and related rights. Any use of copyright protected content requires the authorisation of the rightsholder concerned unless relevant copyright exceptions and limitations apply. Directive (EU) 2019/790 introduced exceptions and limitations allowing reproductions and extractions of works or other subject matter, for the purpose of text and data mining, under certain conditions. Under these rules, rightsholders may choose to reserve their rights over their works or other subject matter to prevent text and data mining, unless this is done for the purposes of scientific research. Where the rights to opt out has been expressly reserved in an appropriate manner, providers of general-purpose AI models need to obtain an authorisation from rightsholders if they want to carry out text and data mining over such works.